Types of Drums – Snare, Bass, Tom-Tom & More

The world of drums and percussion is filled with a diverse array of instruments to explore. From the snappy beats of snare drums to the booming sounds of bass drums and the rhythmic melodies of tom-tom drums, there is something for every drummer and percussionist to enjoy.

Drums are essential components of music, adding depth, rhythm, and energy to any performance. Whether you’re a beginner starting your drumming journey or an experienced musician looking to expand your drum collection, understanding the different types of drums available is key.

Key Takeaways:

• There are various types of drums, including snare drums, bass drums, and tom-tom drums.
• Drum sets, hand drums, frame drums, African drums, marching band drums, and orchestra drums are different categories of drums.
• Bass drums produce a low, booming sound and are often played with a pedal.
• Snare drums are versatile drums that produce a sharp, cracking sound and are used in various musical settings.
• Tom-toms are cylindrical drums without snare wires and add depth to a drum set’s sound.

Types of Drum Sets

Drum sets, also known as drum kits, are a staple in the world of percussion. They consist of various drums and cymbals that are played together to create rhythm and musicality. The two main types of drum sets are acoustic drum sets and electronic drum sets.

Acoustic Drum Set

An acoustic drum set is the traditional and most commonly used type of drum set. It consists of drums such as the snare drum, bass drum, floor tom, and rack tom. These drums are made of wood and have drumheads made of animal skin or synthetic materials, which are struck with drumsticks to produce sound. The acoustic drum set offers a classic, rich sound and is favored by many drummers for its versatility and authenticity.

Electronic Drum Set

On the other hand, an electronic drum set uses electronic triggers and pads to produce sound. These pads are sensitive to touch and can be programmed to generate various drum sounds. Electronic drum sets offer a wide range of sound options and can be played using interactive software and apps. They are popular among drummers who prefer a modern, customizable sound and the ability to practice silently using headphones.

Comparison Table: Acoustic vs. Electronic Drum Sets

Whether you prefer the classic sound and feel of an acoustic drum set or the versatility and customization offered by an electronic drum set, both types provide drummers with endless possibilities for creative expression. The choice ultimately comes down to personal preference and the style of music you play.

Hand Drums

Hand drums are a vibrant and versatile category of drums that are played by hand or with mallets. They are known for their unique sounds and distinct playing techniques. Some popular examples of hand drums include congas, bongos, tabla, and cajon. Each hand drum has its own characteristics and cultural significance.

Congas are tall, barrel-shaped drums that originated in Cuba. They can be played individually or as a set of two or more drums. Congas produce deep, resonant tones and are commonly used in Afro-Cuban and Latin music genres. Their versatile sound and rhythmic patterns make them a staple in many percussion ensembles.

Bongos are small, handheld drums that consist of two drums of different sizes, typically made from wood or synthetic materials. They are closely associated with Afro-Cuban and Latin music, and their high-pitched and sharp tones add depth and complexity to rhythmic patterns. Bongos are often played with the hands and fingers, creating a wide range of drumming techniques and expressive possibilities.

“The tabla is a pair of drums, consisting of a smaller drum called the dayan and a larger drum called the bayan. They are widely used in traditional Indian music and are known for their intricate rhythms and melodic capabilities. The tabla is played by striking the drums with the hands and controlling the pitch and timbre by applying pressure to the drum heads.”

The cajon is a box-shaped drum that originated in Peru. It is played by sitting on top of the drum and striking the front face with the hands or brushes. The cajon produces a deep bass sound and a sharp snare-like tone, resembling a complete drum set. It is widely used in flamenco, Afro-Peruvian, and various other musical styles.

Hand Drums Comparison Table

Exploring the world of hand drums opens up a rich and diverse musical experience. Whether you are drawn to the powerful rhythms of the congas, the lively and versatile bongos, the intricate melodies of the tabla, or the expressive possibilities of the cajon, there is a hand drum for every drummer and percussionist to discover. Each hand drum brings its own unique flavor to a musical ensemble, creating an immersive and captivating experience for both the players and the audience.

Frame Drums

Frame drums are a fascinating category of drums that offer a unique sound and playing experience. These drums have a circular frame, usually made of wood or metal, with a stretched drumhead that is struck with the hands or various types of beaters. Frame drums come in different sizes, shapes, and styles, each with its own distinct characteristics.

One example of a frame drum is the pandeiro, a traditional Brazilian instrument. The pandeiro features a wooden frame with jingles, also known as platinelas, attached to the inner circumference. When played, the pandeiro produces a rich and vibrant sound that is often associated with Brazilian music.

Another popular frame drum is the tambourine. With its round frame and jingling metal discs, the tambourine adds a bright and rhythmic element to music. It is commonly used in various genres, such as folk, pop, and even orchestral music.

Lastly, we have the bodhran, a traditional Irish frame drum. The bodhran is characterized by its shallow wooden frame and goatskin drumhead. It is played with a short, double-ended stick called a tipper, and it produces a deep and resonant sound that is closely associated with Irish music.

The Pandeiro: A Brazilian Delight

The pandeiro is a versatile frame drum that is deeply rooted in Brazilian culture. Its distinctive sound and rhythmic capabilities make it a popular choice in various musical genres, including samba, bossa nova, and choro. With its jingling platinelas and vibrant playing style, the pandeiro adds a lively groove to any musical ensemble. It is played by striking the drumhead with the fingers, palm, or beaters, while the other hand controls the tension and manipulates the sound. Whether you’re a percussionist or simply a music enthusiast, exploring the pandeiro is a delightful journey into the colorful world of Brazilian rhythms.

African Drums

African drums have a rich cultural heritage and unique sounds that resonate with rhythm enthusiasts around the world. Here, we explore some of the most popular African drums, including the djembe, talking drum, and udu.

The Djembe

The djembe is a hand drum originating from West Africa. It is traditionally carved from a single piece of wood and features a goatskin drumhead. The djembe is played with bare hands, and its versatile sound allows for a wide range of tones, from deep bass to high-pitched slaps. It is often used in traditional African music as well as in contemporary genres like jazz and world fusion.

The Talking Drum

The talking drum, also known as the “dondo” or “doodo,” is a West African drum that is played by squeezing the ropes that run along its body. By varying the tension of the ropes, the player can change the pitch of the drum, creating a melody-like effect. The talking drum is known for its ability to mimic the tonal patterns of human speech and is often used as a means of communication in African cultures.

The Udu

The udu is a clay-based drum that originated in Nigeria. It is traditionally made from a clay pot with a small hole in the side and is played by striking or tapping the drumhead with the hands. The udu produces a deep, resonant sound that is often described as earthy and mystical. It is commonly used in traditional African music and is also found in contemporary genres like jazz and world music.

These African drums offer unique rhythms and captivating sounds that have captivated audiences for centuries. Whether you’re a drummer or a music lover, exploring the world of African drums can open up a world of rhythm and cultural diversity.

Marching Band Drums

Marching band drums play a vital role in the rhythmic foundation of marching bands. These drums are specifically designed to be played while marching and are essential for creating the dynamic and powerful sound that characterizes marching band performances. The main types of marching band drums include the marching snare, multi-tenor drums, bass drum, and front ensemble.

Marching Snare

The marching snare drum is a staple in any marching band. It is played with drumsticks and is characterized by its crisp and bright sound. The snare drum’s high-pitched sound cuts through the ensemble, providing a steady beat and accenting various musical passages.

Multi-Tenor Drums

Multi-tenor drums, also known as quads or quint-Toms, are a set of small toms mounted on a harness. These drums are played with sticks, mallets, or brushes and provide a melodic and rhythmic component to the marching band’s percussion section.

Bass Drum

The bass drum is a large drum that produces a low, booming sound. It is played with a mallet and provides a powerful bass foundation for the marching band’s music. The bass drum adds depth and impact to the overall sound, enhancing the band’s performance.

Front Ensemble

The front ensemble consists of various percussion instruments, such as marimbas, xylophones, vibraphones, and auxiliary percussion. These instruments are stationary and are played by members of the marching band while standing still. The front ensemble adds a melodic and harmonic dimension to the marching band’s sound, enhancing the overall musicality of the performance.

With their distinctive sounds and unique playing techniques, marching band drums contribute to the energy and excitement of a marching band performance. Whether it’s the crisp snare drum, the melodic multi-tenor drums, the booming bass drum, or the versatile front ensemble, each drum plays a crucial role in creating an unforgettable musical experience.

Orchestra Drums

Orchestra drums play a vital role in enhancing the sound and dynamics of an orchestra performance. They add depth and richness to the overall musicality, creating a captivating listening experience. The main types of orchestra drums include the concert snare drum, concert bass drum, and timpani, each with its own distinct sound and purpose.

The concert snare drum is a versatile instrument that provides crisp, articulate snare sounds. It is played with drumsticks and can produce a wide range of tones, from soft and delicate to powerful and commanding. The concert bass drum, on the other hand, produces deep resonant sounds that add a sense of grandeur and impact to orchestral compositions. It is played with soft mallets or bass drum beaters to create a booming effect.

Timpani, also known as kettle drums, are large, bowl-shaped drums with a range of pitches. They are tuned by adjusting the tension of the drumheads and are played with timpani mallets. Timpani provide melodic and rhythmic elements to orchestral music, creating dramatic and expressive moments. They are often featured in solos or as part of a percussion ensemble.

When combined, these orchestra drums contribute to the overall texture and complexity of orchestral compositions, accentuating the emotions and dynamics of the music. Whether it’s the vibrant snare drum rolls, the thunderous bass drum hits, or the melodic timpani passages, orchestra drums bring a sense of depth and power to orchestral performances.

Bass Drums and Kick Drums

In the world of drums, bass drums and kick drums play a crucial role in creating a powerful and resonant sound. These drums are known for their deep and booming tones, providing the foundation for rhythmic patterns in various music genres.

Bass drums, also referred to as kick drums, are large drums that produce a low-frequency sound when struck with a mallet or pedal. They are commonly found in drum sets and are played using a foot pedal. The size of the bass drum can vary, with concert bass drums being larger and typically used in orchestras.

In addition to drum sets, bass drums are also used in marching bands and other ensembles where a strong and commanding sound is desired. They add depth and impact to the overall sound, enhancing the musical experience for both performers and listeners.

“The bass drum is like the heartbeat of the music, driving the rhythm and providing a solid foundation for other instruments to build upon. Its powerful sound can be felt as well as heard, adding a physicality to the music.”

Snare Drums

Snare drums are an integral part of the drumming world, renowned for their sharp and cracking sound that adds depth and character to music. They are versatile drums used in various contexts, including drum sets, concert performances, and marching bands. Let’s explore the different types of snare drums.

Concert Snare Drum

The concert snare drum, also known as the orchestral snare drum, is specifically designed for orchestral performances. It is typically larger in size and produces a rich, resonant sound that blends well with other orchestral instruments. The concert snare drum is played with drumsticks and is capable of producing a wide range of dynamics, from soft and delicate to powerful and thunderous.

Marching Snare Drum

The marching snare drum is a vital component of marching bands and drum corps. It is designed to be lightweight and portable, allowing the drummer to move and perform with ease. The marching snare drum produces a sharp and rhythmic sound that cuts through the outdoor environment. It is played with drumsticks and requires precision and endurance to maintain a consistent sound while marching and performing complex drumming patterns.

Piccolo Snare Drum

The piccolo snare drum is a smaller-sized snare drum that produces a higher pitch and crisp sound. It is often used as an accent or special effect drum in various musical genres, including rock, jazz, and funk. The piccolo snare drum adds brightness and articulation to drum performances and can be played with drumsticks or brushes for different tonal characteristics.

Tom-Toms

Tom-toms are a versatile and integral part of a drum set, adding depth and texture to the overall sound. They are cylindrical drums without snare wires and come in various sizes. Tom-toms can be mounted on stands or placed on the floor, depending on the drummer’s preference and style of play. With their distinct tone, tom-toms are often used for drum fills and can create dynamic moments in a musical composition.

There are different types of tom-toms, each serving a unique purpose in enhancing the drumming experience. These include hanging toms, floor toms, and rack toms. Hanging toms are suspended from the drum set and provide a melodic element to the music. Floor toms are larger tom-toms placed on the floor, producing a deep and resonant sound. Rack toms are smaller tom-toms attached to the drum set’s rack system, offering versatility and convenience for drummers.

“Tom-toms are like the heartbeat of a drum set. They add depth and flavor to the rhythm, allowing drummers to express their creativity and showcase their skills.”

When playing tom-toms, drummers can use a combination of sticks, mallets, or brushes to achieve different sounds and effects. The placement and arrangement of the tom-toms within the drum set can also be customized to suit the drummer’s preferences and playing style.

With their wide range of tonal possibilities, tom-toms are essential instruments for any drummer looking to explore new sounds and expand their musical repertoire.

Cymbals: Adding Accents and Crashes to Drumming

In the world of percussion instruments, cymbals play a vital role in adding accents and crashes to drumming. They provide the shimmering and explosive sounds that punctuate the rhythm and add excitement to musical performances. There are several types of cymbals, each with its own unique characteristics and uses.

Hi-Hats

One of the most versatile and commonly used cymbals in drum sets is the hi-hat. It consists of two cymbals, placed on top of each other and mounted on a stand. By using a foot pedal, drummers can open and close the hi-hat, producing a wide range of sounds. The hi-hat is played with drumsticks or brushes and is essential for creating rhythms and adding accents to various musical styles.

Crash Cymbals

Crash cymbals are large, thin cymbals that produce a loud and explosive sound when struck together. They are used to create dramatic accents and crashes during musical climaxes. Crash cymbals can be played individually or in combinations, depending on the desired effect. They come in various sizes and weights, offering different tones and qualities of sound.

Ride Cymbals

The ride cymbal is another important component of a drum set. It is larger and heavier than the hi-hat and produces a clear, sustained sound when struck with a drumstick or a brush. The ride cymbal is used to maintain a steady rhythm, often played in a pattern or groove. It can also be used for accents and musical flourishes, depending on the drummer’s style and the needs of the musical piece.

In conclusion, cymbals are an essential part of drumming, providing the dynamic and expressive elements that enhance a musical performance. Whether it’s the versatile hi-hats, the explosive crash cymbals, or the steady ride cymbals, each type of cymbal offers its own unique contribution to the overall sound and feel of the music.

Conclusion

The world of drums offers a vast array of options for drummers and percussionists alike. From the versatile snare drums found in drum sets to the rhythmic hand drums like congas and bongos, there is a drum for every musical style and preference. Whether you’re a fan of the explosive sound of cymbals or the deep resonance of bass drums, the world of percussion instruments has something to offer.

Drum sets, such as acoustic and electronic drum kits, provide a foundation for creating rhythms and beats in various genres. The range of drum types, from the familiar snare drum to the versatile tom-toms and the explosive cymbals, allows drummers to express their creativity and add depth to their music.

Orchestral drums, including concert snare drums and timpani, add richness and dynamics to classical performances, while marching band drums like the marching snare and bass drum create an impressive and powerful sound. Hand drums, frame drums, and African drums each have their distinct characteristics and cultural significance, allowing drummers to explore different rhythms and styles.

So, whether you’re just starting your drumming journey or have been playing for years, take the time to explore the vast world of drums and find the types of drums that resonate with you. With a wide range of options, there’s no limit to the possibilities for creating rhythm, expressing creativity, and enjoying the art of percussion.